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Describe a person you follow on social media regularly

Describe old person who teach your new activity When you were young

Talk about a happy event you prepared recently

Describe about a technology which influenced world (computer or mobile phone) location-

Describe a special day out that cost you little money/did not cost you much

Describe a traditional item that you have bought from your country

•                    Describe a person you met once and want to know more about

•                   Describe a story that someone told you remember well

•                   describe a traditional item that you have bought from your country

•                   describe about a person who motivates you

•                   Describe your favourite neighbor

 

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•             Describe a Time When You Were Busy

•             Describe a time when you were stuck in a traffic jam

•             Describe a person you only met once and want to know more about

-             Describe a story that someone told you remember well (Jalandhar)

-             Describe an interesting conversation that you had with A friend

·         -             Describe a time when you helped a child
-             Describe a person who likes to talk a lot
Describe a person you know who has chosen a career in the medical field (eg a doctor, a nurse) 

·         Describe a person who likes to read a lot 

·         Describe a time when you lost an important and valuable item 

·         Describe a time when you answered a phone call from someone you didn’t know in a

·         public place 

·         Describe your favourite food at a traditional festival or a special event in your country   Describe a party that you enjoyed 

·         Describe a movie you watched recently 

·         Describe an occasion when you helped a family member/relative with something 

·         Describe a person who likes to make things by hand (eg toys, furniture) 

·         Describe a time that you showed something new to others 

·         Describe an online video in which you learned something new 

·         Describe a person who has strong opinions 

·         Describe a prize you have received recently (eg money, something valuable, a medal)

·         Describe a crowded place you have visited 

·         Describe a challenge you faced that you thought was rather difficult 

·         Describe an ideal and perfect place where you would like to stay (eg a house, an

·         apartment) 

·         Describe an old friend you had lost touch with and got in contact with again 

·         Describe something you did in your study/work that has made you feel confident 

·         Describe a time when you received good service in a shop/store 

·         Describe a place that you would like to learn the culture there (eg a library, museum,

·         theatre) 

·         Describe a public park or garden 

·         Describe a place in your hometown/city that is different from other places and that you

·         enjoy visiting with your parents/friends 

·         Describe a person from whom others like to ask for advice

·         Describe a place in your city you have been to where you can see wildlife (eg animals,

·         birds, insects, plants) 

·         Describe someone else’s room you enjoy spending time in

·         Describe a new development in your country or the area where you live ( like shopping

·         centre, park etcetera) 

·         Describe something you did that made you feel proud 

·         Describe a picture/photograph of you that you like 

·         Describe something that you did with someone/a group of people 

·         Describe someone (a famous person) that is a role model for young people

·         Describe a subject that you would like to learn in the future (makkar) 

·         Describe a natural place (eg parks, mountains)

·         Describe a risk you took that you thought would lead to a terrible result but ended up

·         with a positive result 

·         Describe someone you know who made a good decision recently 

·         Describe a place where you have taken photos more than once 

·         Describe a tourist attraction that very few people visit but you think is interesting 

·         Describe a person who encouraged you to achieve your goal 

·         Describe an interesting place you have been to with a friend 

·         Describe a sport that you only have watched before but have not played yourself 

·         Describe a new law you would like to introduce in your country 

·         Describe a special meal that someone made for you 

·         Describe a place you have been to where things are expensive

·         Describe an indoor or outdoor place where it is easy for you to study 

·         Describe a person who thinks music is important and enjoys music

·         Describe an important plant in your country 

·         Describe a person who likes to buy goods with low prices 

·         Describe a place (city/town) that is good for people to live in 

·         Describe a time you taught something new to a younger person? 

·         Describe an enjoyable journey by public transport? 

·         Describe something you own that you want to replace? 

Describe a Time When You Helped a Child | Makkar january to april 2025 pdf | makkar jan to april speaking pdf | new cue cards 2025 | IELTS ONESTOP | CONFIRMED NEW CUE CARDS

 

Describe a Time When You Helped a Child 

You should say:

- Who the child was 

- Why they needed help 

- How you helped them 

- And explain how you felt after helping them 

 

---

 

Idioms

1. Lend him a hand – To help someone. 

2. Over the moon – Extremely happy or delighted. 

3. Strengthened the bond – Made the relationship stronger. 

 

Connectors

1. First – Used to sequence actions. 

2. After – Indicates the next step or event. 

3. While – Refers to simultaneous actions. 

4. Since – Provides a reason or time reference. 

5. When – Indicates a specific time or event. 

6. All in all – Summarizes the overall experience. 

 

Phrases

1. Vividly remember – Clearly recall an event. 

2. Decided to lend him a hand – Chose to help him. 

3. Made a list of essential materials – Organized the necessary items. 

4. Got to work – Started working on something. 

5. To ensure the model turned out perfectly – Took steps to achieve a good result. 

6. Referred to a YouTube tutorial – Used a tutorial as a guide. 

7. Creating a simulated eruption – Mimicked a volcano’s eruption. 

8. Received a lot of appreciation – Gained positive feedback. 

9. He was over the moon with the positive feedback – Extremely happy about the feedback. 

10. Reminded me of the joy of working on creative projects – Brought back memories of enjoyable activities. 

11. Left me with a sense of pride and satisfaction – Gave me feelings of accomplishment and happiness. 

 

Vocabulary

1. Incident – An event or occurrence. 

2. Holiday homework – Assignments given during vacation. 

3. Assignment – A task or project given to students. 

4. Particular – Specific or unique. 

5. Gathering – Collecting items. 

6. Essential – Necessary or important. 

7. Thrilling – Exciting and enjoyable. 

8. Challenging – Difficult but rewarding. 

9. Realistic – Lifelike or accurate. 

10. Simulated – Imitating a real process or activity. 

11. Appreciation – Recognition or approval. 

12. Fulfilling – Rewarding or satisfying. 

13. Rewarding – Bringing satisfaction or benefit. 

14. Creative – Using imagination or original ideas. 

15. Accomplishment – A sense of achievement. 

16. Strengthened – Made stronger. 

17. Bond – A close connection. 

 

---

Main Bullet Points of

- Who the child was:

  - Cousin in 6th grade who visited during summer holidays. 

  - Struggled with completing a holiday homework project (working model of a volcano). 

 

- Why they needed help:

  - Had finished most assignments but found this particular project challenging. 

  - Approached me for assistance. 

 

- How you helped them:

  - Listed essential materials like cardboard, glue, paint, baking soda, vinegar, and food coloring. 

  - Gathered all items and referred to a YouTube tutorial for guidance. 

  - Spent three hours creating the model and ensured it looked realistic. 

  - Tested the working model by simulating a volcanic eruption. 

 

- How you felt after helping them:

  - Project received appreciation from his teachers and classmates. 

  - Cousin was extremely happy and thanked me sincerely. 

  - Found the task rewarding, challenging, and informative. 

  - Strengthened the bond with my cousin and left me with a sense of pride and satisfaction. 

 

 

 Sample Answer: Describe a Time When You Helped a Child 

 

I vividly remember an incident from last summer when one of my cousins came to stay with us during the holidays. He is studying in 6th grade and, like most students, had been given a lot of holiday homework. While he managed to complete most of his assignments, there was one particular project he struggled with—a working model of a volcano. 

 

He approached me for help, and I decided to lend him a hand. First, we made a list of all the essential materials we would need, such as cardboard, glue, paint, baking soda, vinegar, and food coloring. After gathering these items, we got to work. To ensure the model turned out perfectly, we also referred to a YouTube tutorial for guidance. 

 

The process was both exciting and a little challenging. It took us around three hours to complete the project, but the final result was amazing. The model looked quite realistic, and since it was a working model, we tested it by creating a simulated eruption. Watching the "lava" flow out was a thrilling moment for both of us. 

 

When my cousin submitted the project at school, it received a lot of appreciation from his teachers and classmates. He was over the moon with the positive feedback and thanked me sincerely for my help. 

 

This experience was not just rewarding for him but also for me. It was a bit challenging to get everything right, but I found it very informative and enjoyable. Helping him reminded me of the joy of working on creative projects, and it strengthened the bond between us. All in all, it was a fulfilling experience that left me with a sense of pride and satisfaction. 

 

---

 

Basic level Sample Answer: Describe a Time When You Helped a Child 

 

I remember last summer when my cousin came to visit us. He studies in 6th class and had a lot of holiday homework. Most of it was done, but he was struggling with one project, which was to make a model of a volcano. 

 

He asked for my help, and I agreed. First, we made a list of things we needed, like cardboard, glue, paint, baking soda, and vinegar. Then, we went to the market to buy these items. After coming back, we started working on the project. 

 

We followed a YouTube video to make sure everything was done properly. It took us three hours to complete the model, and it looked very good. It was a working model, so we tested it, and it worked perfectly. 

 

The next day, he submitted the model in school, and his teachers and classmates praised him a lot. He thanked me, and I felt really happy to help him. It was a bit difficult but also a fun and learning experience for me. Helping him made me feel proud and closer to him. 

 

 

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New and Recently asked cue cards

 

·      Describe old person who teach your new activity When you were young (pune)

·      Describe your favourite neighbour

·      Describe something you cannot live without it. Except mobile phones or computers

·      Describe a place in your town, where you go with your family and friends.

·      Describe a good place to live in your country

·      Describe a place you like to study indoor or outdoor

·      Describe a person u spend most of your time with (Location: Ambala)

·      Describe an important/happy event your life

·      Describe a new law you would like to have in your country

·      Describe a person in your country who is popular

·      describe a time when helped a child

·      Describe Something you do that keeps you Fit and Healthy.

·      Describe about a discussion you had with your friend

·      Describe an invention that influenced the world

·      Describe a family member with whom you want to start a business

·      Describe a surprising and happy moment (Location: Hyderabad)

·      Describe a person you met once and want to know more about.

·      Describe an enjoyable journey by public transport?

·      Describe a person who has strong opinions

·      Describe a Public park

·      Describe that thing you lost recently

·      Describe an interesting conversation that you had with A friend

·      Describe a story that someone told you remember well

·      Describe a something you can't live without mobile phone and computer

·      describe a traditional item that you have bought from your country

·      describe work with a family member

·      Describe an occasion when you lost something important

 

 

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·      Describe a Time When You Were Busy

·      Describe a time when you were stuck in a traffic jam

·      Describe a person from whom others like to ask for advice

·      Describe an important plant in your country

·      describe a party that you enjoyed

·      Describe a tourist attraction that very few people visit but you think is interesting

·      describe something you own that you want to replace

·      Describe about a technology which influenced word (computer or mobile phone)

·      describe an ambition that you haven't achieved location sri lanka

·      describe about a person who motivates you. location Ontario Canada

·       describe about the new place that you have visited recently. Location Ontario

·      describe a tourist place in your country where tourist does not visit

·      describe a cultural activity you have done in past. Location Canada

·      describe a person who did something for society location Jaipur

·      describe a competition you would like to participate eg music, sports

·      describe a friend you met recently.

·      describe a visit to the countryside location pune

·      describe a person who likes to buy goods with

Low prices location: Jalandhar



Intro questions

Old building and modern building, hometown, coins, perfume, number, study or work, Perfume, home town, coins and bicycle

-              perfume

-             favourite number

-            current living city

-            computer

-            technology

-           business with family

-            childhood and study

-           morning time

-          buildings

-            Crowded place

-            Robots

-           numbers
-          making friends

-              teamwork

-              challenges

-              exciting activities

-              art

-              Keys

-              Keys

-             Cake

-              e-books and paper books

-              small business

-              staying up

-              happy things

-              writing

-              t-shirts

-              breakfast

-              video games

-              social media

-              crowded place

-              stages of life

-              weekends

-              colours

Lack of Sleep | Actual exam reading pdf | Past exam ielts reading pdf | 04 January ielts reading pdf for free | 14 January 2025 ielts reading pdf for free

Reading Practice

Lack of Sleep

Section A

It is estimated that the average man or woman needs between seven-and-a-half and eight hours' sleep a night. Some can manage on a lot less. Baroness Thatcher, for example, was reported to be able to get by on four hours' sleep a night
when she was Prime Minister of Britain. Dr. Jill Wilkinson, senior lecturer in psychology at Surrey University and co-author of Psychology in Counselling and Therapeutic Practice, states that healthy individuals sleeping less than five hours or even as little as two hours in every 24 hours are rare but represent a sizeable minority.

Section B

The latest beliefs are that the main purposes of sleep are to enable the body to rest and replenish, allowing time for repairs to take place and for tissue to be regenerated. One supporting piece of evidence for this rest-and-repair theory is that the production of the growth hormone somatotropin, which helps tissue to regenerate, peaks while we are asleep. Lack of sleep, however, can compromise the immune system, muddle thinking, cause depression, promote anxiety, and encourage irritability.

Section C

Researchers in San Diego deprived a group of men of sleep between 1 a.m. and 5 a.m. on just one night and found that levels of their bodies' natural defences against viral infections had fallen significantly when measured the following morning. "Sleep is essential for our physical and emotional well-being and there are few aspects of daily living that are not disrupted by the lack of it," says Professor William Regelson of Virginia University, a specialist in insomnia. "Because it can seriously undermine the functioning of the immune system, sufferers are vulnerable to infection."

Section D

For many people, lack of sleep is rarely a matter of choice. Some have problems getting to sleep, others with staying asleep until the morning. Despite popular belief that sleep is one long event, research shows that, in an average night, there are five stages of sleep and four cycles, during which the sequence of stages is repeated.

In the first light phase, the heart rate and blood pressure go down and the muscles relax. In the next two stages, sleep gets progressively deeper. In stage four, usually reached after an hour, the slumber is so deep that, if awoken, the sleeper would be confused and disoriented. It is in this phase that sleep-walking can occur, with an average episode lasting no more than 15 minutes.

In the fifth stage, the rapid eye movement (REM) stage, the heartbeat quickly gets back to normal levels, brain activity accelerates to daytime heights and above, and the eyes move constantly beneath closed lids as if the sleeper is looking at something. During this stage, the body is almost paralyzed. This REM phase is also the time when we dream.

Section E

Sleeping patterns change with age, which is why many people over 60 develop insomnia. In America, that age group consumes almost half the sleep medication on the market. One theory for the age-related change is that it is due to hormonal changes. The temperature rise occurs at daybreak in the young, but at three or four in the morning in the elderly. Age aside, it is estimated that roughly one in three people suffer some kind of sleep disturbance. Causes can be anything from pregnancy and stress to alcohol and heart disease. Smoking is a known handicap to sleep, with one survey showing that ex-smokers got to sleep in 18 minutes rather than their earlier average of 52 minutes.

Section F

Apart from self-help therapy such as regular exercise, there are psychological treatments, including relaxation training and therapy aimed at getting rid of pre-sleep worries and anxieties. There is also sleep reduction therapy, where the aim is to improve sleep quality by strictly regulating the time people go to bed and when they get up. Medication is regarded by many as a last resort and often takes the form of sleeping pills, normally benzodiazepines, which are minor tranquilizers.

Section G

Professor Regelson advocates the use of melatonin for treating sleep disorders. Melatonin is a naturally secreted hormone, located in the pineal gland deep inside the brain. The main function of the hormone is to control the body's biological clock, so we know when to sleep and when to wake. The gland detects light reaching it through the eye; when there is no light, it secretes the melatonin into the bloodstream, lowering the body temperature and helping to induce sleep. Melatonin pills contain a synthetic version of the hormone and are commonly used for jet lag as well as for sleep disturbance. John Nicholls, sales manager of one of America's largest health food shops, claims that sales of the pill have increased dramatically. He explains that it is sold in capsules, tablets, lozenges, and mixed with herbs. It is not effective for all insomniacs, but many users have weaned themselves off sleeping tablets as a result of its application.

Questions 1-8

The passage has seven sections labeled A-G.

Which section contains the following information?
Write the correct letter A-G in boxes 1-8 on your answer sheet.
NB You may use any letter more than once.

1. The different amounts of sleep that people require
2. An investigation into the results of sleep deprivation
3. Some reasons why people may suffer from sleep disorders
4. Lifestyle changes which can help overcome sleep-related problems
5. A process by which sleep helps us to remain mentally and physically healthy
6. Claims about a commercialized man-made product for sleeplessness
7. The role of physical changes in sleeping habits
8. The processes involved during sleep

Questions 9-13

Do the following statements agree with the information given in the passage?

Write in boxes 9-13 on your answer sheet:

• TRUE if the statement agrees with the information
• FALSE if the statement contradicts the information
• NOT GIVEN if there is no information on this

9. Sleep can cure some illnesses.
10. The various stages of sleep occur more than once a night.
11. Dreaming and sleep-walking occur at similar stages of sleep.
12. Sleepers move around a lot during the REM stage of sleep.
13. The body temperature rises relatively early in elderly people.

Questions 1-8: Matching Information

1. The different amounts of sleep that people require
   Answer: A
   Explanation: Section A discusses how the average person needs seven-and-a-half to eight hours of sleep but also mentions exceptions, such as Baroness Thatcher, who managed on four hours.
   Location: Section A: "It is estimated that the average man or woman needs between seven-and-a-half and eight hours' sleep a night."

2. An investigation into the results of sleep deprivation
   Answer: C
   Explanation: Section C mentions a study in San Diego where men were deprived of sleep, and the effects on their immune system were observed.
   Location: Section C: "Researchers in San Diego deprived a group of men of sleep between 1 a.m. and 5 a.m. on just one night..."

3. Some reasons why people may suffer from sleep disorders
   Answer: E
   Explanation: Section E lists various reasons for sleep disturbances, such as pregnancy, stress, alcohol, and heart disease.
   Location: Section E: "Causes can be anything from pregnancy and stress to alcohol and heart disease."

4. Lifestyle changes which can help overcome sleep-related problems
   Answer: F
   Explanation: Section F talks about self-help therapies, regular exercise, relaxation training, and other methods to improve sleep quality.
   Location: Section F: "Apart from self-help therapy such as regular exercise, there are psychological treatments..."

5. A process by which sleep helps us to remain mentally and physically healthy
   Answer: B
   Explanation: Section B explains how sleep allows the body to rest and regenerate tissue, supported by the production of the growth hormone somatotropin.
   Location: Section B: "The latest beliefs are that the main purposes of sleep are to enable the body to rest and replenish..."

6. Claims about a commercialized man-made product for sleeplessness
   Answer: G
   Explanation: Section G describes melatonin pills, a synthetic version of the hormone, and their uses for jet lag and sleep disturbances.
   Location: Section G: "Melatonin pills contain a synthetic version of the hormone and are commonly used for jet lag..."

7. The role of physical changes in sleeping habits
   Answer: E
   Explanation: Section E describes how hormonal changes and aging affect sleep patterns, leading to issues like insomnia in older adults.
   Location: Section E: "One theory for the age-related change is that it is due to hormonal changes."

8. The processes involved during sleep
   Answer: D
   Explanation: Section D outlines the stages and cycles of sleep, including the physical and mental processes that occur in each stage.
   Location: Section D: "Despite popular belief that sleep is one long event, research shows that, in an average night, there are five stages of sleep..."

Questions 9-13: True/False/Not Given

9. Sleep can cure some illnesses.
   Answer: NOT GIVEN
   Explanation: While the passage talks about sleep being essential for well-being and helping the immune system, it does not explicitly state that sleep can cure illnesses.

10. The various stages of sleep occur more than once a night.
    Answer: TRUE
    Explanation: Section D mentions that sleep has four cycles during the night, meaning the stages are repeated.
    Location: Section D: "...there are five stages of sleep and four cycles, during which the sequence of stages is repeated."

11. Dreaming and sleep-walking occur at similar stages of sleep.
    Answer: FALSE
    Explanation: Section D states that sleep-walking happens in stage four, while dreaming occurs during the REM stage, which is distinct.
    Location: Section D: "It is in this phase that sleep-walking can occur..." and "This REM phase is also the time when we dream."

12. Sleepers move around a lot during the REM stage of sleep.
    Answer: FALSE
    Explanation: Section D states that the body is almost paralyzed during the REM stage, making movement minimal.
    Location: Section D: "During this stage, the body is almost paralyzed."

13. The body temperature rises relatively early in elderly people.
    Answer: TRUE
    Explanation: Section E notes that in the elderly, the temperature rise occurs earlier, at around three or four in the morning.
    Location: Section E: "The temperature rise occurs at daybreak in the young, but at three or four in the morning in the elderly."

Making Copier | Actual exam reading pdf | Past exam ielts reading pdf | 28 December ielts reading pdf for free | 04 January 2025 ielts reading pdf for free

 

Reading Practice

Making Copier

At first, nobody bought Chester Carlson’s strange idea. But trillions of documents later, his

invention is the biggest thing in printing since Gutenberg

A

Copying is the engine of civilization: culture is behavior duplicated. The oldest copier

invented by people is language, by which an idea of yours becomes an idea of mine. The

second great copying machine was writing. When the Sumerians transposed spoken words

into stylus marks on clay tablets more than 5,000 years ago, the hugely extended the

human network that language had created. Writing freed copying from the chain of living

contact. It made ideas permanent, portable and endlessly reproducible.

B

Until Johann Gutenberg invented the printing press in the mid-1400s, producing a book in

an edition of more than one generally meant writing it out again. Printing with moveable

type was not copying, however. Gutenberg couldn’t take a document that already existed,

feed it into his printing press and run off facsimiles. The first true mechanical copier was

manufactured in 1780, when James Watt, who is better known as the inventor of the

modern steam engine, created the copying press. Few people today know what a copying

press was, but you may have seen one in an antique store, where it was perhaps called a

book press. A user took a document freshly written in special ink, placed a moistened sheet

of translucent paper against the inked surface and squeezed the two sheets together in the

press, causing some of the ink from the original to penetrate the second sheet, which could

then be read by turning it over and looking through its back. The high cost prohibits the

widespread use of this copier.

C

Among the first modem copying machines, introduced in 1950 by 3M, was the Thermo-Fax,

and it made a copy by shining infrared light through an original document and a sheet of

paper that had been coated with heat-sensitive chemicals. Competing manufacturers soon

introduced other copying technologies and marketed machines called Dupliton, Dial-AMatic Autostat, Verifax, Copease and Copymation. These machines and their successors

were welcomed by secretaries, who had no other means of reproducing documents in

hand, but each had serious drawbacks. All required expensive chemically treated papers.

And all made copies that smelled bad, were hard to read, didn’t last long and tended to curl

up into tubes. The machines were displaced, beginning in the late 1800s, by a combination

of two 19th century inventions: the typewriter and carbon paper. For those reasons,

copying presses were standard equipment in offices for nearly a century and a half.

D

None of those machines is still manufactured today. They were all made obsolete by a

radically different machine, which had been developed by an obscure photographic-supply

company. That company had been founded in 1906 as the Haloid Company and is known

today as the Xerox Corporation. In 1959, it introduced an office copier called the Haloid

Xerox 914, a machine that, unlike its numerous competitors, made sharp, permanent

copies on ordinary paper-a huge breakthrough. The process, which Haloid called

xerography (based on Greek words meaning “dry” and “writing”), was so unusual and

nonnutritive that physicists who visited the drafty warehouses where the first machines

were built sometimes expressed doubt that it was even theoretically feasible.

E

Remarkably, xerography was conceived by one person- Chester Carlson, a shy, softspoken patent attorney, who grew up in almost unspeakable poverty and worked his way

through junior college and the California Institute of Technology. Chester Carlson was born

in Seattle in 1906. His parents-Olof Adolph Carlson and Ellen Josephine Hawkins—had

grown up on neighboring farms in Grove City, Minnesota, a tiny Swedish farming

community about 75 miles west of Minneapolis. Compare with competitors, Carlson was

not a normal inventor in 20-century. He made his discovery in solitude in 1937 and offered

it to more than 20 major corporations, among them IBM, General Electric, Eastman Kodak

and RCA. All of them turned him down, expressing what he later called “an enthusiastic

lack of interest” and thereby passing up the opportunity to manufacture what Fortune

magazine would describe as “the most successful product ever marketed in America.”

F

Carlson’s invention was indeed a commercial triumph. Essentially overnight, people began

making copies at a rate that was orders of magnitude higher than anyone had believed

possible. And the rate is still growing. In fact, most documents handled by a typical

American office worker today are produced xerographically, either on copiers manufactured

by Xerox and its competitors or on laser printers, which employ the same process (and

were invented, in the 1970s, by a Xerox researcher). This year, the world will produce more

than three trillion xerographic copies and laser-printed pages—about 500 for every human

on earth.

G

Xerography eventually made Carlson a very wealthy man. (His royalties amounted to

something like a 16th of a cent for every Xerox copy made, worldwide, through 1965.)

Nevertheless, he lived simply. He never owned a second home or a second car, and his

wife had to urge him not to buy third-class train tickets when he traveled in Europe. People

who knew him casually seldom suspected that he was rich or even well-to-do; when

Carlson told an acquaintance he worked at Xerox, the man assumed he was a factory

worker and asked if he belonged to a union. “His possessions seemed to be composed of

the number of things he could easily do without,” his second wife said. He spent the last

years of his life quietly giving most of his fortune to charities. When he died in 1968, among

the eulogizers was the secretary-general of the United Nations.

 

 

Questions 1-6

Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 1?

In boxes 1-6 on your answer sheet, write

TRUE if the statement agrees with the information

FALSE if the statement contradicts the information

NOT GIVEN if there is no information on this

1..................... The earliest languages were recorded on papyrus.

2..................... when applying Johann Gutenberg’s printing machine, it requires lots of

training.

3..................... James Watt invented a modem steam engine before he made his first

mechanical copier.

4..................... using the Dupliton copiers and follower versions are very costly.

5..................... The typewriters with carbon papers were taken place of very soon because

they were not sold well

6..................... The Haloid Xerox 914 model also required specially treated paper for

making copies.

Questions 7-13

Reading Passage.

Write your answers in boxes 7-13 on your answer sheet.

 

 

Calson, unlike a 20-century 7....................., like to work on his own. In 1937, he

unsuccessfully invited 20 major 8..................... to make his discovery. However, this action

was not welcome among shareholders at the beginning, all of them

9...................... Eventually, Calson’s creation was undeniably a 10...................... Thanks for

the discovery of Xerography, Calson became a very 11..................... person. Even so, his

life remains as simple as before. It looks as if he can live without his 12..................... At the

same time, he gave lots of his money to 13......................

Solution:

1. FALSE                                                     8. corporations

2. NOT GIVEN                                           9. turned him down

3. NOT GIVEN                                          10. commercial triumph

4. TRUE                                                     11. wealthy

5. FALSE                                                   12. possessions

6. FALSE                                                   13. charities

7. inventor

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Questions 1–6 (True/False/Not Given)

1. The earliest languages were recorded on papyrus.

   • Answer: False
   • Explanation: The text states that the Sumerians recorded spoken words into stylus marks on clay tablets, not papyrus. (Paragraph A)

2. When applying Johann Gutenberg’s printing machine, it requires lots of training.

   • Answer: Not Given
   • Explanation: The passage mentions Gutenberg’s printing press but does not discuss the training required to use it. (Paragraph B)

3. James Watt invented a modern steam engine before he made his first mechanical copier.

   • Answer: Not Given
   • Explanation: While James Watt is known for inventing the steam engine, the passage does not clarify if this occurred before his work on the copier. (Paragraph B)

4. Using the Dupliton copiers and follower versions are very costly.

   • Answer: True
   • Explanation: The text mentions that these machines required expensive chemically treated papers. (Paragraph C)

5. The typewriters with carbon papers were taken place of very soon because they were not sold well.

   • Answer: False
   • Explanation: Typewriters and carbon paper displaced earlier copying machines due to their convenience, not poor sales. (Paragraph C)

6. The Haloid Xerox 914 model also required specially treated paper for making copies.

   • Answer: False
   • Explanation: The Haloid Xerox 914 made copies on ordinary paper, which was a major breakthrough. (Paragraph D)

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Questions 7–13 (Fill in the blanks)

7. Carlson, unlike a 20-century ___, liked to work on his own.

   • Answer: inventor
   • Explanation: Carlson is described as working alone on his invention in 1937. (Paragraph E)

8. In 1937, he unsuccessfully invited 20 major ___ to make his discovery.

   • Answer: corporations
   • Explanation: Carlson offered his invention to corporations like IBM and General Electric, all of which rejected it. (Paragraph E)

9. However, this action was not welcome among shareholders at the beginning, all of them ___.

   • Answer: turned him down
   • Explanation: The passage states that all the corporations showed “an enthusiastic lack of interest.” (Paragraph E)

10. Eventually, Carlson’s creation was undeniably a ___.

    • Answer: commercial triumph
    • Explanation: The invention became an overwhelming success in the market. (Paragraph F)

11. Thanks to the discovery of xerography, Carlson became a very __ person.

    • Answer: wealthy
    • Explanation: Carlson earned royalties and became rich, although he lived simply. (Paragraph G)

12. Even so, his life remains as simple as before. It looks as if he can live without his ___.

    • Answer: possessions
    • Explanation: Carlson’s possessions were minimal, and he avoided extravagant purchases. (Paragraph G)

13. At the same time, he gave lots of his money to ___.

    • Answer: charities
    • Explanation: Carlson donated most of his fortune to charities before his death. (Paragraph G)

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