IELTS Writing Task 2 – Public Transport vs. Road Infrastructure
📝 Ideas with Explanation
✅ Arguments in Favor of Investing in Public Transport
1️⃣ Reduces Traffic Congestion – Efficient public transportation systems decrease the number of private vehicles on the road, reducing congestion.
🔹 Example: Cities like Tokyo and London have well-developed metro systems, which significantly reduce road traffic.
2️⃣ Environmental Benefits – Fewer cars on the road mean lower carbon emissions, contributing to a cleaner environment.
🔹 Example: Electric buses and metro systems in cities like Copenhagen have reduced air pollution levels.
3️⃣ Cost-Effective for Citizens – Public transportation is more affordable than owning and maintaining private vehicles, making travel accessible to all income groups.
🔹 Example: In many European countries, subsidized public transport allows low-income families to commute easily.
4️⃣ Boosts Economic Growth – An efficient transport system helps workers commute easily, increasing productivity and business growth.
🔹 Example: Cities with strong public transport networks experience higher economic activity due to improved accessibility.
✅ Arguments in Favor of Investing in Road Infrastructure
1️⃣ Essential for Private & Commercial Vehicles – Businesses rely on roads for transportation of goods, and well-maintained roads are necessary for economic growth.
🔹 Example: Poor road conditions in developing countries slow down trade and increase transportation costs.
2️⃣ Supports Remote & Rural Areas – Many regions lack access to public transport, and road expansion is crucial for connectivity.
🔹 Example: Rural areas in India benefit from government road-building projects that link them to major cities.
3️⃣ Flexibility & Convenience – Roads allow individuals to travel at their own pace, unlike fixed public transport schedules.
🔹 Example: People who work irregular hours or live in suburban areas rely more on personal vehicles than on buses or trains.
📌 Sample Answer
Introduction (Paraphrased Using Passive Voice):
It can be observed that increased investment in public transport is considered by some to be more beneficial than improving road infrastructure. While efficient transport systems reduce congestion and pollution, others argue that road development is equally important for economic activities and personal mobility. This essay will discuss both perspectives before presenting my opinion.
Body Paragraph 1 – Benefits of Investing in Public Transport
Commencing with the argument in favor of public transport, a well-developed transportation system significantly reduces traffic congestion. Fewer private vehicles on the road lead to shorter travel times and improved air quality. For example, cities like London and Singapore have successfully implemented metro networks that help millions of people commute daily. Moreover, public transport is more cost-effective and environmentally friendly, as it lowers fuel consumption and carbon emissions. Thus, prioritizing public transportation improves urban mobility and contributes to sustainability.
Body Paragraph 2 – Why Road Infrastructure Is Still Important
On the other hand, road infrastructure plays a crucial role in economic development and accessibility. Many industries depend on roads for the transportation of goods and services. For instance, highways connecting different regions enhance trade and business operations. Additionally, rural areas with limited access to public transport rely heavily on well-maintained roads for daily commuting. Therefore, while public transport is beneficial in cities, road development remains essential for economic growth and regional connectivity.
Conclusion:
To conclude, although investing in public transport reduces congestion and benefits the environment, improving road infrastructure is equally important for economic and regional development. In my opinion, a balanced approach, where governments allocate funds for both efficient public transport and road maintenance, would be the most effective solution. Therefore, prioritizing transport policies based on urban and rural needs can lead to long-term development.
📌 Vocabulary for a High Band Score
✅ Transport & Infrastructure Vocabulary:
- Urban mobility
- Traffic congestion
- Public transit networks
- Carbon emissions
- Infrastructure investment
- Regional connectivity
✅ Advanced Linkers & Phrases:
- Commencing with the argument in favor of…
- On the other hand, road infrastructure plays a crucial role in…
- A clear example of this is…
- Thus, prioritizing public transportation improves…
- To conclude, although investing in public transport reduces congestion…
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